The N.W.T. Department of Environment and Climate Change (ECC) has observed a decrease in the number of bison collisions on roads. Between 2021 and 2025, there were 60 reported collisions with bison, but in 2026, only one collision has been recorded so far.
Terry Armstrong, a bison ecologist at ECC, attributes this decline to wildfires in the region. He explains that wildfires cause bison to change their usual habitats, with the animals being drawn to recently burnt areas where new vegetation sprouts, which they find appealing.
Due to extensive wildfire damage in recent years, more bison seem to be opting for recovering wildfire zones instead of roadsides, leading to a reduction in collisions. This trend is positive for the wood bison population in the N.W.T., which is classified as a threatened species both regionally and nationally. Estimates suggest the current wood bison population is several thousand, with ECC approximating it at just over 2,500 individuals.
Collisions between 2021 and 2025 resulted in the deaths of at least 76 bison, according to Toyeke Adedipe, an ECC spokesperson. Most incidents occurred along Highway 3, with 45 collisions and 56 bison fatalities reported in that area.
Armstrong highlights that the rutting season, occurring from August to September, increases the likelihood of encountering aggressive behavior from bison on roads. During this period, bison engage in mating and territorial fights, potentially posing risks to vehicles and bystanders.
As darkness returns, visibility decreases, especially during dawn and dusk, making it challenging to spot bison on the roads. Armstrong advises drivers to proceed cautiously, maintain distance from bison, and refrain from provoking them, particularly during rutting season when males can be aggressive.
He emphasizes the importance of not attempting to interact with bison and to remain inside vehicles for safety. Bison are recognized as the largest land mammals in North America, with a long history of survival and uniqueness in the ecosystem.